In the last few decades, the discovery of the regenerative potential of the myocardium has led to experimental and clinical research efforts with significant resource utilization.1,2 Since the first administration of intracoronary and intramyocardial stem cells in adult ischemic heart disease, numerous attempts have followed with different sources and routes for cardiac stem cell therapy.3,4 While the safety of myocardial stem cells therapy was being confirmed in long-term clinical trials, their efficacy remained limited.
