Abstract
Objective
Methods
Results
Conclusions
Graphical abstract

Keywords
Glossary of abbreviations:
CI (confidential interval), CT (computer tomography), CTR (consolidation tumor ratio), GGO (ground glass opacity), JCOG (Japan Clinical Oncology Group), JJCLC (Japanese Joint Committee of Lung Cancer Registry), MTD (maximum tumor diameter), SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medi Care-database), TSCT (thin-section computed tomography), WJOG (West Japan Oncology Group)Article info
Publication history
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofFootnotes
on behalf of West Japan Oncology Group (WJOG) and Japan Clinical Oncology Group.
The study protocol was approved by the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) and the West Japan Oncology Group (WJOG) Protocol Review Committee, and the institutional review board of each participating hospital before the initiation of the study (Institutional Review Board Number: Juntendo 21-37, May 29, 2009). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. The study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network-CTR (UMIN000002008). This study is supported in part by the National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund, a Grants-in-Aid for Cancer Research from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan and by AMED under Grant Number JP15ck0106051h0002.
Conflict of interest statement: Dr. Yoshino reports lecture fees/advisory fees from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Intuitive Surgical, AstraZeneca, Johnson and Johnson and Covidien Japan, grants/lecture fees from TAIHO Pharmaceutical and Dai-ichi Sankyo Chemical Pharma, and lecture fees from Japan Blood Products Organization, Astellas, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Shionogi Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, CSL Behring, MSD, Ono pharmaceutical and Care Net, advisory fee from Medicaroid, and grants from Pfizer. Dr. Moriya reports no conflict of interest. Dr. K. Suzuki reports lecture fees from Johnson and Johnson and Intuitive Surgical. Dr. Wakabayashi reports lecture fee from Nihon-Medi-Physics. Dr. Saji reports grants /lecture fees from Johnson and Johnson, Covidien Japan and Chugai Pharmaceutical, lecture fees from MSD, Astellas Pharma, Fuji Film Medical, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Takeda Pharmaceutical and Japan Blood Products Organization, and grants from Eli Lilly and Teijin Pharma. Dr. Aokage reports grants/advisory fees/lecture fees from AstraZeneca, lecture fees from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Johnson and Johnson, Japan Blood Products Organization, PhaseOne, International Life Science, Kyowa Kirin, Olympus, Teijin pharma, Medical Tribune, Kyushu branch, Mochida pharma, Eli Lilly, Medera, Forestprincom, Yokohama City University Hospital and Konica Minolta, lecture fee/grants from Covidien Japan and MSD, lecture fees/advisory fees from TAIHO Pharmaceutical, lecture fees/manuscript fees from CSL Behring, and manuscript fee from Care-Net. Dr. M. Suzuki reports lecture fees from Chugai Pharmaceutical and AstraZeneca. Dr. Ito reports lecture fees from Johnson and Johnson, Covidien Japan, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Nihon Mediphysics, Gunze medical Japan, TAIHO pharmaceutical, Teijin Pharma, and Olympus. Dr. Matsumoto reports grants/lecture fees from Covidien Japan, Johnson and Johnson, TAIHO Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical, lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Ono Phrama, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim and UCB, and grants from Konica Minolta. Dr. Kobayashi reports no conflict of interest. Dr. Okamoto reports grants/lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Eli-Lilly, Novartis Pharma, TAIHO Pharmaceutical, Boehringer Ingelheim and Nippon Kayaku, lecture fees from Johnson & Johnson, MSD and Ono Pharma, and grants from AnHeart Therapeutics, Covidien Japan, Daiichi Sankyo Chemical Pharma, KM Biologics, Merck Biopharma and Pfizer. Dr. Okada reports grants fees/lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Johnson and Johnson, Covidien Japan, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Kyorin-Pharm and Dai-ichi Sankyo Chemical Pharma, lecture fees from Pfizer and MSD, and grants from Kyowa Kirin, Nihon Mediphysics, Ono Pharma, TAIHO Pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly, Clinipace, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma and Kissei. Dr. Yamashita reports no conflict of interest. Dr. Ikeda reports grants/lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Boehringer Ingelheim, TAIHO Pharmaceutical, Eli-Lilly, Ono Phrama, Bristrol-Meyers Squibb, MSD, Olympus, Johnson and Johnson, Teijin Pharma, Nihon Mediphysics, lecture fees from Covidien Japans, and grants from Astellas Pharma, Shionogi Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo Chemical Pharma, Fuji Film Medical, Roche Diagnostic, Kyowa Kirin and Eizai Pharmaceutical. Dr. Nakamura reports no conflict of interest. Dr. Kataoka reports no conflict of interest. Dr. Tsuboi reports grants/lecture fees/advisory fees from AstraZeneca, Chugai Pharmaceutical, MSD, Novartis, grants fees/lecture fees from Bristol-Meyers Squibb, lecture fee from Covidien Japan, and grants from BMG, grants from MiREXES. Dr. Watanabe reports lecture fees from Covidien Japan, Johnson and Johnson, Chugai pharmaceutical, Eli Lilly and Stryker.
The Journal policy requires editors and reviewers to disclose conflicts of interest and to decline handling or review manuscripts for which they may have a conflict of interest. The editors and reviewers of this article have no conflict of interest to declare.
Funding: Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare of Japan, and the National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund.
Central message
Peripheral small-sized lung cancer with a ground glass dominant feature is curable through sublobar resection, and the risk of second cancer during follow-up is similar to that in the general Japanese population.
Perspective
GGO-dominant peripheral small lung cancer was confirmed to be curable with sublobar resection with wedge resection as the first choice, and the risk of second cancer was similar to that of the general population. In the future, it will be important to advance research on the timing, whether or not to intervene, and other treatment methods, such as stereotactic radiation for this type of lung cancer.
Central picture:A scheme of a target lesion and a representative radiologic image of a typical lesion.
PARTICIPATING INSTITUTIONS (FROM NORTH TO SOUTH)
Participating institutions (52 institutions: JCOG 31 institutions from north to south, WJOG 21 institutions).
JAPAN CLINICAL ONCOLOGY GROUP
Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital & Cancer Center, Tochigi Cancer Center, Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center, Saitama Cancer Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Juntendo University Hospital, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization Osaka Prefectural Medical Center for Respiratory and Allergic Disease, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Hyogo Cancer Center, Okayama University Hospital, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, National Kyushu Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Nagasaki University Hospital, Kumamoto Chuo Hospital, National Hospital Organization Okinawa Hospital
WEST JAPAN ONCOLOGY GROUP
Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Gifu City Hospital, Kindai University Nara Hospital, National Toneyama Hospital, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Hiroshima City Hospital, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Kumamoto University Hospital, Nishi Niigata Chuo National Hospital, Kyusyu University Hospital, The Japan Sea General Hospital, Nagoya University Hospital, Asahikawa Medical School Hospital, Mie University Hospital, Chiba Cancer Center, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, and Oita Prefectural Hospital.
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