Abstract
Objectives
Aortic valve reconstruction (AVRec) with neocuspidization or the Ozaki procedure with
complete cusp replacement for aortic valve disease has excellent mid-term results
in adults. Limited results of AVRec in pediatric patients have been reported. We report
our early outcomes of the Ozaki procedure for congenital aortic and truncal valve
disease.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on all 57 patients with congenital aortic and
truncal valve disease who had a 3-leaflet Ozaki procedure at a single institution
from August 2015 to February 2019. Outcome measures included mortality, surgical or
catheter-based reinterventions, and echocardiographic measurements.
Results
Twenty-four patients had aortic regurgitation (AR), 6 had aortic stenosis (AS), and
27 patients had AS/AR. Two patients had quadricuspid valves, 26 had tricuspid, 20
had bicuspid, and 9 had unicusp aortic valves. Four patients had truncus arteriosus.
Thirty-four patients had previous aortic valve repairs and 5 had replacements. Preoperative
echocardiography mean annular diameter was 20.90 ± 4.98 cm and peak gradient for patients
with AS/AR was 53.62 ± 22.20 mm Hg. Autologous, Photofix, and CardioCel bovine pericardia
were used in 20, 35, and 2 patients. Eight patients required aortic root enlargement
and 20 had sinus enlargement. Fifty-one patients had concomitant procedures. Median
intensive care unit and hospital length of stay were 1.87 and 6.38 days. There were
no hospital mortalities or early conversions to valve replacement. At discharge, 98%
of patients had mild or less regurgitation and peak aortic gradient was 16.9 ± 9.5 mm
Hg. Two patients underwent aortic valve replacement. At median follow-up of 8.1 months,
96% and 91% of patients had less than moderate regurgitation and stenosis, respectively.
Conclusions
The AVRec procedure has acceptable short-term results and should be considered for
valve reconstruction in pediatric patients with congenital aortic and truncal valve
disease. Longer-term follow-up is necessary to determine the optimal patch material
and late valve function and continued annular growth.
Graphical abstract
Graphical Abstract
Key Words
Abbreviations and Acronyms:
AR (aortic regurgitation), AS (aortic stenosis), AVRec (aortic valve reconstruction), BSA (body surface area), CI (confidence interval), CPB (cardiopulmonary bypass), LVEDV (left ventricular end diastolic volume), LVEDVz (z score of the BSA-indexed left ventricular end diastolic volume)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 18, 2020
Accepted:
January 1,
2020
Received in revised form:
December 30,
2019
Received:
May 17,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery
ScienceDirect
Access this article on ScienceDirectLinked Article
- Commentary: Ozaki valve reconstruction in children: Is it still a valve replacement?The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryVol. 161Issue 5
- PreviewAn interesting article in the current issue of the Journal by Baird and colleagues1 describes their short-term results with aortic valve reconstruction with neocuspidization (Ozaki technique) in children and young adults. They reported freedom from moderate or greater aortic valve regurgitation of 88% at 2 years, freedom from moderate or greater aortic stenosis of 88% at 2 years, and freedom from reoperation of 91% at 1.5 years, although the number of patients at each time point is unknown. There were no operative deaths and 2 late deaths after discharge.
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- Commentary: A pediatric perspective on the Ozaki procedureThe Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryVol. 161Issue 5
- PreviewBaird and colleagues1 describe the first comprehensive application of the Ozaki procedure to a pediatric population. Congenital aortic valve disease is present in up to 2% of the population2 and is a lifelong problem with no discrete cure available. For this reason, management strategies have to be designed in the context of a long life, and there are an increasing number of surgical and interventional options that can be applied to obtain long-term, high-quality palliation. We agree that the Ozaki procedure fits within this paradigm as a surgical technique to help manage congenital aortic valve disease.
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- Commentary: Aortic valve reconstruction with neocuspidization—A word of caution?The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryVol. 161Issue 5
- PreviewThe history of cardiac surgery is riddled with examples of failed operations and failed patches, prostheses, and implants.1,2 They typically start on a wave of enthusiasm, sometimes (for pediatric cardiac surgery) as an offshoot of a strong adult experience, such as what we are witnessing here with the aortic valve reconstruction (AVRec) neocuspidization (Ozaki) procedure. This is not necessarily bad, as long as patients do not get hurt, and it sometimes even leads to progress. Provided that these procedures are performed in the proper scientific context and with appropriate scrutiny, as was done in this particular setting of a large academic center, these procedures or implants can morph into better operations for our patients.
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